Ideology
– Revolution – Communism – Fascism - Liberation
.Ideology_
An
ideology is a collection of ideas witch characterizes
the thinking of a person, a community or a period. It
is also the philosophical doctrine focusing on the study of
the origin of ideas.
.When
and where did the events to which the terms refer occur?
The
first philosophers who studied the"ideology"
,
they placed
the need in the "interior self".
The change
was when it was extended in the area of social.
.What
caused them?
The
term "ideology" was born in the highly controversial
philosophical and political debates and fights of the French
Revolution,
in
a social and political conflict.
.What
impact did they have?
The
term ideology, reserved in the nineteenth century intellectual
debate, becomes the twentieth century the vehicle of great
social movements and thought, on the support of
great masses who are indoctrinated by the
new media, propaganda, violence and repression.
.How
were these events represented in the media of their time?
Every
work of art reflects, in the form or content, the
essential features of the historical context in which it
was created, and this implies the existence within
the ideology of the time.
.Revolution_
Change
or transformation is the radical and deep respect
to the immediate past, abrupt and violent, as a
breach of established order but with a plan for the
future.
.When
and where did the events to which the terms refer occur?
Revolution
can happen anywhere, where there is/was a reason for
the new union of common interests or utopia, in front
of an old union of these.
.What
caused them?
Revolutions are
the result of historical processes and collective
constructions (economic, cultural, religious, political, social,
military, technology …).
.What
impact did they have?
The
Revolution are used to give example where conflicts
are similar. For example, the influence of liberal ideas
of French Revolution led to several leaders to
gain their independence.
.How
were these events represented in the media of their time?
This
can be represented either through their
subject (ideal) or technical development.
.Communism_
Political
ideology whose main aspiration is a society in
which the principal resources and means of
production belong to the community and not individuals.
Proposes the abolition of social classes, the
destruction of the state,private property and liberal market and
the end of capitalism. The workers of the world should
unite to seize power and institute a dictatorship of
the proletariat, and finally an economic system in
which everyone would be equal and live in community.
.When
and where did the events to which the terms refer occur?
Marx
y Engels, in 1848 they published the Communist
Manifesto. The
first revolutionary action carried out in the name
of communist ideology, was in revolutionary France .
.What
caused them?
Communism
as a political and ideological tradition arises from
the eighteenth century driven by strong
social contradictions in Europe.
.What
impact did they have?
The
Communist Manifesto is considered one of the most
influential political treatises in history.
Russian
Revolution - Maoism - Cuba - Communist Party of Spain - Vietnam –
Mexico- Hungary-
Czechoslovakia -
.How
were these events represented in the media of their time?
Political propaganda, socialist realism, Russian constructivism. In Spain full-color posters, banners, and fliers, brandishing dramatic swaths of red and black or blue or yellow were all over the city: along the streets, taped to windows, tacked up on kiosks in every public square, on the interior walls of office buildings and private homes, in all the subway stations, on the sides of buses, trucks, and even trains.
.Fascism_
Is
meaning is controversial, is
the term most obscure and confusing political ideologies.
When
and where did the events to which the terms refer occur?
Fascism emerged
after the Great War in a crisis scenario, economic,
social and political.
It
spread over much of Europe through organizations
inspired by the Italian model of Mussolini and
later in Nazi Germany. Their action contributed
decisively to the outbreak of World War II, then,
defeated, disappeared in most European states.
.What
caused them?
Postwar problems,
the extension of political rights, the universal suffrage,
the emergence of new political parties (socialists,
communists, social democrats) and anarchists, frightened
the rancid political formations. The corporations and
employers union, the crisis of 1929 and a radical and
extreme political life.
.What
impact did they have?
Italian Fascism, German Nazism,
the British Union of Fascists, Poland, Croatia,
Austria, Portugal, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Albania, Bulgaria...
In
Spain, General Francisco Franco, after perpetrate a
coup d'etat(1936) against the Second Republic and lead
to a civil war that lasted three years, implemented
a military dictator ship that initially maintained close
relations with Hitler's Germany and Italy Mussolini
and whit God.
.How
were these events represented in the media of their time?
Fascism produced an
extraordinary publicity apparatus to popularize official
doctrine.
As
well
also in
architecture and . And "degenerate art" .
.Have
you chosen this terms because......?
In Spain we
have lived all of the terms I have selected, and in
same way still alive in people and in the memories
of my grandparents, in their mode of action and their
evolution at the same time the course of events.
My
family comes from a town of Andalusia forgotten, in
the province of Jaén, where the lower class suffers
most and where the great lords most abuse of
them .
A town turned to the countryside, olive groves and
wheat. With the arrival of the Republic (1931) of the
big changes come: the increase of trade unionism, women
can for the first time in history comes to
vote and agrarian reform. In the summer of
1936 several generals give a coup d'etat against
the republican government which flows into the military
uprising. the civil guard forces adhere to the
revolt and go to city hall to take control
and stop the mayor, but the townspeople stopped their
feet and the Civil Guard barracks was attacked. Thus
began a popular revolution in the town that leads to
the destruction of churches and the arrest of several
persons in the village.
Begin collectivization of numerous oil cooperatives
and is installed tense calm in the province. But peace is
short when at Christmas 1936, in nearby locations
battles are initiated by the rebel army and the
beginning of bombings against civilians that
occur primarily in late 1938. Deaths by
bombs, causing reprisals and shootings. On March
29, 1939, the town and other cities of the province
surrender, two days after the people's army surrenders
and the contest ends ...
The
military began a new repression this time
against the communists and anarchists. Many people are
shot, others disappeared with the
"false suicides," hundreds of people are
arrested, they take them to farms and large
houses used as barracks, while others are sent to
concentration camps. In the fields
and hills starts a guerrilla activity of
various anti-fascist"maquis", which for
several years fighting against Franco's forces.
Several of those detained back to their towns and cities
to work in"devastated areas" company created
to rebuild the country and labour used on
detainees. Here begins the dictatorship , the
repression and with it a military dictatorship for
40 years. Then came democracy and the liberation of
the Franco regime. My grandparents emigrated to Madrid in
the early 70's, they took all
their belongings and their five little children, put
them in a truck, Madrid was waiting ... with
demonstrations of opposition to the dictatorship of workers
and students, nationalist
movements,
starting the
Spanish Transition to democracy with the death of Franco in
1975, which culminated in elections June 15, 1977, the
year I was born.
I
admire my grandparents, they lived through the war,
repression, hunger, the devaluation of women, democracy,
liberation of women, religion and education. And now live
with the great advances as internet, and freedom of
thought.
